A true American essays

A true American essays An American to me, is someone who is willing to fight for and defend our country, someone who will fly our flag high, without any type of indignity, someone who is honest and cares for the welfare of our people. Most of all, an American has to have pride and faith in all that our country does, participating in activities that can only improve us as a unified nation. My definition of an American is best fit by my grandfather because he is loyal, proud, and giving He is a veteran who served in two wars. He belongs to many groups that help the communities and support some unfortunate families. He also sends money monthly to funds that help crippled or disabled veterans and their families. He attends town meetings and does anything in his power to provide help or opinion in any state or town situation. My grandfather illustrates that he is proud, by flying an American flag on a pole in his back yard, and also next to his door in the front of his house, he even has a custom license plate that has an American flag on it. No matter what country he travels to, or what language he is speaking, he makes it clear to everyone around him that he his from America and dedicated to it. He believes if you are going to be all you can be, first you must do all you can to make your country all it can be, because if your country is not successful, then you have a disadvantage in the world, with technology, jobs, the economy, and even just eating healthy everyday. He also believes that anyone in need should be helped, and supported until they can get on their feet. But, he does not like the fact that people take advantage of the system. He says that if something tragic happens to someone, then anything that comes out of his pocket to help them out is well worth it, but someone who is perfectly fine to work and they still dont, then they do not deserve a dime, because they are taking away from the needy. Anyone that needs the help should...

Bonobos as Model for Human Behavior essays

Bonobos as Model for Human Behavior essays The bonobo, or pan paniscus is a very unique, and relatively unknown member of the primate family. They share many of the same physical features and genetic makeup as their relative the chimpanzee, and are so similar that they are commonly known as pygmy chimpanzees. Bonobos however, vary in quite a number of ways from their relative the chimpanzee and these differences will be discussed in detail through this essay as well as how similar our behavior is in many respects as these exceptional creatures. Bonobos are a relatively newfound species with the official discovery coming in 1928 by American anatomist Harold Coolidge. He was studying the skull of what was believed to be a juvenile chimpanzee, however slight but distinct differences in the structure led him to believe that the skull was something other than a chimpanzee, it was a bonobo. This discovery eventually led anatomists, anthropologists, and other researchers to the left bank of the Congo River where the bonobos are native (figure1). The surrounding area is populated by chimpanzees and gorillas, so for the most part bonobos were largely lost in the fray, or mistaken for chimpanzees. It was not until the distinction was made between the two that researchers began to find out the difference between these two intriguing creatures. As stated earlier bonobos are native to the left bank of the Congo River, which is an area that is almost exclusively habituated by these apes, other primates such as monkeys reside there however. The areas east, west, and north are all home to different types of chimpanzees as well as gorillas. The surrounding river provides a sort of moat that keeps the area exclusive to the bonobos. This area is approximately 1000 km east to west and 750 km north to south, which provides almost a little kingdom of bonobos. Within this habitat the bonobos predominantly consume fruits as the major part of their diet. Bonobos also eat foods such as pith, leave...

The German Automobile Industry and the affect it has on the German Essay - 1

The German Automobile Industry and the affect it has on the German Economy, Stock Utility Analysis - Essay Example With 121 billion EUR, the German car industry earned 60% of its sales in foreign countries. German car manufacturers and suppliers employ more than 1.5million people worldwide, more than half of them in Germany. Recently, domestic employment has been expanded; Since 1994, the number of jobs at home increased by122000.Despite economic weakness in 2002, employment in the car industry remained almost constant with 763 500 people. Owing to the assumption of additional value-added activities from the manufacturers, suppliers even employed additional staff. The German car industry employs more than 12.8% of the working population of the whole German industry. At the same time, it raises one third of the R&D expenditure of the German economy and one-fifth of the investments. During the last five years, 49 billion EUR were invested in Germany; over this period of time, expenditure for R&D exceeded 65 billion Euros, and the R&D staff was increased significantly to more than 70,000 employees (VDA, 2003). Literature Review: Germany was one of the European countries that succumbed early to the fascination of Fordist production methods. German automakers made pilgrimages in the 1920s to the USA, seeking to discover the secrets of the economic future at the holy cities of capitalism, which of course included the Ford plants at Highland Park and River Rogue. Creating the preconditions for a new age in automobile production was a strong motive behind numerous efforts to concentrate car production capacity in Germany. After the postwar stabilization of the economy, the large German banks - above all the Deutsche Bank - toyed with the... Robert Merton (1987), "On the Current State of the Stock Market Rationality Hypothesis," in Ruddier Dornbusch, Stanley Fischer, and John Bossons, eds., Macroeconomics and Finance: Essays in Honor of Franco Modigliani (Cambridge, MA: M.I.T. Press).

Managing Assets and Resources in the Digital Firm Essay

Managing Assets and Resources in the Digital Firm - Essay Example With this understanding, it becomes necessary to have a long term perspective that clearly states what one wants out of the network. By so doing, the identification of number of software needed and the scope of usage becomes clearly defined. Subsequently, managers become motivated to focus their attention on the exact demands and aspirations of their organizations without having to look into the interest of other people. In effect, the selection will be done based on one’s capacity in terms of accessibility of knowledge and standardization. Finally, the need to update systems according to the options available to the organization becomes necessary. Indeed, most information systems have failed because they did not consider the prime and exact interest of the companies in which they were set up and this is what the framework seems to address – the need to for individualism (Damsgaard et al., 2010, p. 70). It can be realized that the framework presented by Damsgaard follow s a principle that follows the chronological implementation strategy whereby the workability given software are exemplified using step by step progress analysis plan (Flyod, 2009). Moreover, all results presented by the group are based on empirical research that can be substantiated. To this end, it is recommended that the principles and framework be adapted for

American and British System For Regulating Occupational Health and Essay

American and British System For Regulating Occupational Health and Safety - Essay Example But there are times that these basic rights were deprived to them and the government cannot do anything but just simply hurdle the Constitution to anyone who questions them which at some time the Constitution played as a mere paper and those legislators who were to be the advocate of the law where in fact the first to bend the law. That is why the question whether there is enough law to guard the interest of the people should be answered as there is more than enough law, only that compliance is absurd. Many people relied that much on what is written such as an agreement or contract that usually preceded prior to the working periods. While it is true that some workers were aware of the circumstances and their current conditions, they are to some extent lack of the basic knowledge on their rights and privileges that were being draft by the government. Thus there are many workers being exploited especially on the rank and file positions even these days. During the past decades, several workers were regarded as underdog and are brutely exploited by their employers. They were made to suffer as if they were wholly owned by their employers. ... y emerged during the birth of capitalism, where supply and demand gradually increase and where formidable profit can be easily obtain since there is a minimal supervision of the government. This working class began to realize their collective entity. This is the time where their demands began to reap attention to the government. Collective efforts such as strike, collective bargaining agreement trade unions, lockout, and different methods become at first a threat to the capitalist system. (King, 2000). Behind those efforts is the strength to unify the collective entity that can threaten the system that is why many employers began to submit the demand of their workers. To counteract the situation, employers on the other hand assert their foremost right by enforcing their rules and regulations in the working environment. While dissension still is present, it is now the time for the government to do some actions, that is they are either bound to choose among the two parties of whom will they prioritize and given that the capitalists system ensure the financial growth of the nation it is not a doubt that the government will prioritize them, the financial grantees. The complexities of the situation and to add there is assurance that the collective agreement will lasts, several ideas and ideology sprouted out from those tiny seedlings of exploitation. They are on the extreme side creating their new class, the proletarians which figuratively mean the industrial working class selling their labors in payment for wages. They believe that their conditions were permanent and inescapable that as long as the capitalists system reigns, they cannot be emancipated. This system of thinking only lasts for a moment because it disregard the rights and privileges of the employers too which

Parental Relationships and Father Absence Association Study

Parental Relationships and Father Absence Association Study Table of Results. Table One. Differences in Mate Preferences Between Father Absent and Father Present Girls as Assessed Using Mann-Whitney. ns – not significant (two tailed). Table Two. Spearman’s Correlations Between Mother-Child Relationships and Mate Preferences Within British and Chinese Girls Regardless of Parental Presence. ns – not significant (two tailed). Table Three. Spearman’s Correlations Between Father-Child Relationships and Mate Preferences Within British and Chinese Girls Regardless of Parental Presence. ns – not significant (two tailed). Table Four. Differences in Mate Preference Between Girls Whose Parents Split Before They Were 13 and Those Who Split After They Were 13. Table Five. Differences in Mate Preferences Between British and Chinese Girls Whose Fathers Were Absent During Childhood. Table Six. Differences in Mate Preferences Within Chinese Girls Whose Fathers Were Absent During Childhood as Compared to Those Whose Fathers were Present. Table Seven. Differences in Mate Preferences Within British Girls Whose Fathers Were Absent During Childhood as Compared to Those Whose Fathers were Present. Discussion. This study examined the association between parental relationships and father absence on a number of aspects of female mate preferences in a sample of 103 Chinese and 48 British adolescent girls. There were three main aims. Firstly, to assess whether there is an association between parent-daughter relationships and subsequent mate choice. In order to assess whether there were differences in mate selection between father absent and father present girls, those girls who stated that they had either never lived with their father (3%) or that their parents were separated and they lived with their mother (25.6%), were compared to those girls whose parents were together (55%), who had never lived with their mother (1.5%) and whose parents were separated and lived with their father (3%). Those individuals who stated that they had never lived with their biological parents (2.3%), or who stated that they belonged to the category ‘other’ (3%), were excluded from this analysis. The results presented in table one reveal that there are significant differences between girls whose fathers were absent and girls whose fathers were present within a number of variables, thus supporting the hypothesis proposed. Girls whose fathers were present were significantly more concerned about the economic suitability of their future partners and were also significantly more concerned about the commitment of their future partners, than girls whose fathers were not present. It was also thought important to assess the possibility that the timing of parental separation was influential in subsequent mate choice. In order to assess this, those individuals whose parents were separated, were categorised according to whether this split occurred before, or after, they were 13 years old and differences in mate selection were compared between the two groups. There were no significant differences observed between girls whose parents split up before they were 13 and girls whose parents split up afterwards, although there are two near significant relationships of note. Girls whose parents split up before they were 13 were more likely to desire sexual intercourse earlier on in a relationship and in addition they were more likely to desire short term partners who were younger than themselves. In order to further assess whether there is a relationship between parent-daughter relationships and subsequent mate choice Spearman’s correlations were conducted for the sample as a whole on the data provided about the parent-child interaction and the mate selection variables. These results were presented in tables two and three. In terms of the mother-daughter relationship, significant positive correlations were observed between both the mother’s care and the partner’s age in both short and long term relationships. A significant negative correlation is also apparent between the mother’s overprotection and economic resources and a significant positive correlation between the mother’s overprotection and cues to commitment. In terms of the father-daughter relationship a significant negative correlation is observed between father’s care and the girls concerns about their future partners economic resourcefulness, this is in support of the findings observed within the mother-daughter relationship and suggests that a strong parental relationship (within both mothers and fathers) is related to less economic concerns, possibly because these girls anticipate that they can reply on their immediate family if they get into financial strife. In addition there are significant positive correlations observed between father’s care and the girls desire to have a long term partner who was older than themselves. In terms of the father’s overprotection there are significant negative correlations observed with both the partner’s short term and long term age. The positive correlation observed between parental care and the girls desire to have partners who are considerably older than themselves is difficult to explain. Presumably this reflects positively on the girls respect for their elders. This conclusion is backed up by the fact that there is a negative correlation observed between the father’s overprotection and the girls desire to have partners older than themselves, e.g. the greater the level of father’s overprotection the more likely the girls are to desire younger partners. It should be borne in mind when interpreting the results in tables two and three that these conclusions are based solely on correlative data and thus the direction of causation cannot be determined. The second hypothesis was to assess whether there are differences in mate choices between British and Chinese girls whose father’s were absent during their childhood. In order to assess this, individuals whose father’s were present (defined as above) were excluded from the analysis and differences between British and Chinese girls whose fathers were absent were examined using Mann Whitney. The results support the hypothesis proposed in that there are significant differences. Amongst girls whose fathers were absent during their childhood, there are significant differences between the Chinese and the British girls according to two of the variables assessed. British girls were significantly more concerned about the parental investments that would be made by their partners than Chinese girls. This may be a consequence of differences in culture. For example it is possible that British girls have an increased expectation of male parental investment given that in Britain women are more likely to work full time alongside men and are more career orientated. In addition, Chinese girls were significantly more interested than British girls in having short term partners who were older than themselves, although this difference was not apparent for long term partner preferences. The time of first sexual intercourse is also worthy of note in this context given that the significance levels fall just outside those which are traditionally accepted. Chinese girls were more likely to wait longer than British girls before having sexual intercourse with a partner for the first time again this is likely to reflect cultural differences between China and Britain. The third and final aim was to assess whether there are differences between father absent and father present girls of either Chinese or British origin (see tables six and seven). Within Chinese girls there are significant differences between those whose fathers were present and those whose fathers were absent according to both economic resources and cues to commitment. Chinese girls whose fathers were present were significantly more concerned about economic resourcefulness and were significantly less concerned about cues to commitments, than Chinese girls whose fathers were absent. Within British girls it is revealed that those whose fathers were present were significantly more concerned about cues to commitment then those whose fathers were absent. This stands in direct contrast to that observed within Chinese girls and it is presumed that this is a consequence of cultural differences. It is possible that British girls were more concerned about commitment because of the increased sexual liberation within Britain compared to China, while the Chinese girls were more concerned about economic provision because of sexual suppression in China and the increased difficulty in going out and seek employment themselves. To the best of knowledge there are no other studies which have specifically examined the effects of father absence on mate preferences in either adolescent girls or boys with which to make direct comparison to the results obtained here. This is surprising as there is a bulk of literature examining the effects of father absence on sexual development and some of the most relevant literature is discussed her for comparison. In a sample of 160 college aged girls, Fleck et al (1980) found that there was a significant relationship between father absence, as defined in a psychological rather than a physical respect (e.g fathers may have been living at home but were uninterested in their daughters), and increased frequency of sexual behaviour and anxiety. In a similar study conducted by Ellis et al (2003) the impact of father absence on sexual activity and teenage pregnancy was examined in a large sample of girls from the USA (n = 242) and New Zealand (n = 520). Father absence was strongly statistically associated with early sexual activity and adolescent pregnancy. This relationship between father absence and increased sexual activity has been repeatedly confirmed within many other studies within the literature (Hendricks et al, 2005). However, this study found no differences between the time of first sexual encounter between girls whose fathers were present and girls whose fathers were absent. It is possib le that this is a consequence of methodological variation. In this study participants were asked to state when they preferred to engage in sexual behaviour with a new partner and when they would prefer a partner to want to have intercourse with them. Thus as this study asked about preferences and did not assess actual behaviour, this may account for the difference. In terms of the age of parental separation there is evidence that the earlier the separation occurred the earlier sexual intercourse begins. For example, Quinlan (2003) examined the relationship between female reproductive development in a sample of 10,847 women. They found that the timing of parental separation was associated with reproductive development. Parental separation between birth and five years of age predicted early menarche, an earlier age of first sexual intercourse, earlier first pregnancies and also a shorter duration of the first marriage. This study supports these results in some respect given that there was a near significant decrease in the desired time of first sexual intercourse with a new partner amongst those girls whose parents split before they were 13years old. A considerable body of evidence has also observed that there is a significant association between father absence and puberty in both boys and girls (Bogaert, 2005, Maestripieri et al, 2004). The differences between partner preference between girls with absent and present fathers may be related to this increased rate of developmental maturity. Girls who reach puberty faster may be more likely to experiment sexually at a younger age and consequently may prefer men older than themselves. The findings obtained in the current research are also interesting in light of the findings obtained in a sample of 83 girls aged between 11-14years assessed by Maestripieri et al (2004). It was shown that father absence was associated with greater interest in infants as assesses through preferences for photos of human and animal infants. The authors conclude that this shows that father absence is related to an earlier readiness for parenting. In this study participants were asked about the number of children they wanted to have with their partner(s) and these results can be compared to that of Maestripieri et al. In support of Maestripieri et al there was a near significant difference observed between the number of children desired by girls whose fathers were present or absent. Girls whose father’s were absent wanted to have more children (1.95) than girls whose fathers were present (1.81, U = 1696.0, p = .059). There are a number of limitations to the current study. The sample sizes of British and Chinese girls were not equal, that of the Chinese girls being considerably higher. Future research should focus on increasing the sample size of British girls. Examining differences within cultures other than the British and the Chinese, for example, African or Middle Eastern cultures in order to search for further cross cultural differences would also make an interesting extension to this study. In addition it is important to examine the relationship amongst boys in comparison to girls. The evidence suggests that boys with absent fathers are also likely to hit puberty earlier (Bogaert, 2005) then those with present fathers and this suggests that mate preferences would also be affected. In fact it seems reasonable to presume that the effects in males might be greater than that on females due to the loss of the same sex parents. Surprisingly, however, it appears that the literature has tended to focus on the effects in girls more often. It is hoped that subsequent research will aim to rectify this. This raises a related point, regarding the effects of mother absence on girls. As mothers tend to be the primary role model for girls, it is suggested that mother absence may be more likely to have more prominent effects in girls. However, as mother absence is much rarer that father absence, this would be a difficult study to conduct and recruitment would be time consuming. As mentioned earlier this study is also limited as it asks only about the desires and concerns of these girls and does not take into consideration the actual behaviour of the girls. It would be interesting to conduct a follow up study with the same sample in order to compare these desires to actual behaviour as assessed a number of years down the line. Or to conduct the same study in a sample of older women for comparison, for example the characteristics of the husbands of women in their 30’s and 40’s. Another possibly extension to this study would be to examine the possibility that father absence affects aspects of development other than mate preference. For example it might be interesting to assess the possibility that parental absence encourages homosexuality. In the current study the whole sample indicated that they were heterosexual and this illustrates the fact that in order to investigate this further a much larger sample size would be required. Examining the effects of parental absence on relationships aside from those of a romantic nature would also make an interesting extension. For example, father absence may have affect on peer relationships at school and sibling relationships within the family. Further research into the effects of father absence on aspects of personality, such as extraversion, introversion and neuroticism is also warranted given that Hendricks et al (2005) found that father absence had a detrimental affect on self esteem an affect which has been shown to be particularly pronounced in males (Miller, 1984). In a recent study, Huurre, Junkkari and Aro (2006), also found that individuals from families in which the parents divorced before the age of 16 were more likely to suffer from psychological problems, such as depression and were more likely to suffer from problems within their personal relationships. Again this suggests that further research into the affects of parent absence on personality and health is warranted. In conclusion, this study has assessed the effects of father absent and father presence on mate preferences in Chinese and British adolescent girls. It was concluded that there are significant differences in mate preference according to father presence. Girls whose fathers were present were significantly more concerned about the economic suitability of their future partners and were also significantly more concerned about the commitment of their future partners. This study also aimed to examine differences in mate choice according to the strength of the mother-daughter and the father-daughter relationship. Again it was concluded that there are differences apparent according to the strength of the relationship. There were some differences apparent between British and Chinese girls and these are presumed to be a consequence of cultural variation. References. Bogaert, A. F. (2005). Age at puberty and father absence in a national probability sample. Journal of Adolescence. 28(4) pp514-6. Buss, D.M. Barnes, M. (1986) Preferences in human mate selection. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 50, pp.559-570. Ellis, B. J., Bates, J. E., Dodge, K. A., Fergusson, D. M., Harwood, J., Pettit, G. S., Woodward, L. (2003). Does father absence place daughters at special risk for early sexual activity and teenage pregnancy? Child Development, 74(3). pp801-821. Fleck, J.R., Fuller, C.C.,

When Politics Meets Religion Essay -- Essays on Politics

When Politics Meets Religion Much of the history we are taught in grade school and secondary education is filled with stories upon stories of political movements and uprising. The vast majority of these movements had one or two political leaders at the forefront whose ultimate goals included such things as liberating an oppressed people or reclaiming a status taken from a group of people by an outside force. Leaders of such movements have used a wide range of tactics to gain support for their political agendas, but one particular tactic has been so often used by said leaders that this tactic certainly deserves a closer examination. This tactic is religion. No matter what the nature of the movement may have been, so often we have seen and continue to see today how political leaders have made claims that God is supporting their cause. From the Crusades to the recent activities of Al Qaeda, the need for God’s support has been shown to be very important to establishing the legitimacy of a political ag enda. What happens when the political agenda fails to faithfully correspond with the religion it claims as its backing? Is there a relationship between the effectiveness of a political agenda and the faithfulness with which it adheres to the tenets of the religion it claims as its support? Indeed there is such a relationship, and upon closer examination, we will not only see that political agendas that faithfully adhere to the tenets of a proposed religious affiliation tend to be successful, but we will also see why this is the case. We will then consider how this knowledge can be used today to address current instances of oppressive regimes. First, however, let us examine why it is at all desirable for a political leader to ... ...m>. â€Å"Mahatma Gandhi - Indian Spiritual/Political Leader and Humanitarian.† 2 Feb. 2003. LucidCafe. Retrieved 4 Mar. 2003 â€Å"Martin Luther King, Jr. Civil - Rights Leader.† 2 Feb. 2003. LucidCafe. Retrieved 4 Mar.2003 . McClennen, Scott. Lecture. The role of religion in current politics. Fall 2003. Ethics and Development in a Global Economy. Stanford University. â€Å"Statement of United Church of Christ leaders opposing U.S. war against Iraq.† United Church of Christ website. Retrieved 4 Mar. 2003 . â€Å"Toppling Saddam Hussein: Troubling, Unanswered Questions.† Mar. 2002. Friends Committee on National Legislation. Retrieved 12 Mar. 2003 .

Humans And Animals Relationships Essay

Whether its social, business, or personal, animals play an extremely important role in the lives of humans. Humans have been using animals to survive since before 100 BC. Animals have been protectors, companions, benefactors, co-workers, and even best friends. Humans need animals in their lives to stay healthy mentally and even physically. Animals are used in everyday physical therapy to increase movement in the handicapped or elderly. Animals help with physical fitness which will boost their moods substantially. For example, elderly people that are in nursing homes have been able to work with animals as a type of therapy to improve and maintain their function and to increase their quality of life while in the nursing home. It is a proven fact that animals lower cholesterol, blood pressure, and keep their heart in check. Dogs can detect the sudden drop in the level of blood glucose and alert the owner to eat or take their medication. Pets can not only help handicapped and the elderly , but children as well. Children who grow up with pets have less risk of allergies and asthma; many also learn responsibility, compassion, and empathy from having pets. Pets are natural mood enhancers. One of the reasons for these therapeutic effects is that most pets fulfill the basic human need to touch. Even hardened criminals in prison have shown long-term changes in their behavior after interacting with pets, many of them experiencing mutual affection for the first time. Some state prisons will bring in dogs for the inmates to train, so they can learn to interact with others and to give them a purpose. While a person is with an animal their body actually goes through physical changes that make a difference in their mood. The hormone that is associated with stress is actually lowered, while the production of serotonin is being increased from the level it was previously at when the person wasn’t around the animal. Sometimes, while working with a patient, a counselor might use a dog in therapy. In doing so, it will raise their serotonin level and allow  the patient to be more comfortable. Therapists have recently started prescribing pets as a way of dealing with and recovering from depression and anxiety. The unconditional love that is given from a pet to a human when petting it or playing with it, actually elevates their moods to a state where they are no longer depressed or anxious. Stroking, holding, cuddling, or otherwise touching a loving animal can rapidly calm and soothes humans when they’re stressed. The companionship of a pet can also ease loneliness, and some pets are a great stimulus for healthy exercise, which can substantially boost mood. The more that people interact with animals the less likely they will isolate themselves; pet lovers and pet owners can easily talk to each other about their pets without talking about uncomfortable subjects. Dogs help with people who are suffering PTSD. Dog can provide a sense of security, calming effects, and physical exercise that can make a positive difference in the life of those that suffer with Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. Like all assistance dogs, a psychiatric service dog is individually trained to do work or perform tasks that mitigate their handler’s disability. The dog will be able to calm the owner and teach him/her not to be afraid. It will be able to bond with its owner when he/she cannot bond with other humans. People with PTSD are afraid to be alone in public and the company of a dog will ease that fear. Animals have been used to assisted humans for as long as anyone can remember. They help psychologically with the world around them. They help with physical condition that’s going on with their body. Humans can bond easily with an animal more so than another human being. Whether it’s from a problem they are born with or something that stumbled upon them, they can always rely on animals to ease their pain. Work Cited Siegel, J. (1990). Stressful life events and use of physician services among the elderly: The moderating role of pet ownership. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58, 1081-1086. Friedmann, E., Katcher, A. H., Thomas, S. A., Lynch, J. J., & Messent, P. R. (1983). Social interaction and blood pressure: Influence of animal companions. Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases, 171, 461-465. Hunt, S. J., Hart, L.A., & Gomulkiewicz, R. (1992). The role of small animals in social interaction between strangers. Journal of Social Psychology, 133, 245-256. Thelen, E. (2000). Grounded in the world: Developmental origins of the embodied mind. Infancy, 1, 3-28. Thomson, R. (1968). The Pelican history of psychology. London: Pelican.

Comparison of Private and Public Schools

Comparison of Private and Public Schools Are you someone who is considering whether or not private schools are better than public schools? Many families want to know more about the differences and similarities between private and public schools, and weve outlined several of the differences and similarities for you here. Whats Taught Public schools must adhere to state standards regarding what can be taught and how it is presented. Certain subjects such as religion and sexual practices are taboo. Rulings in many court cases over the years have determined the scope and limits of what can be taught and how it is presented in public school. By contrast, a private school can teach whatever it likes and present it in any way it chooses. Thats because parents choose to send their children to a specific school which has a program and educational philosophy with which they are comfortable. That doesnt mean that private schools run wild and dont provide a quality education; they still undergo rigorous accreditation processes regularly to ensure that they are providing the best educational experience possible. However, there is a similarity. As a rule, both public and private high schools require a certain number of credits in core subjects such as English, mathematics, and science in order to graduate. Admission Standards While public schools must accept all students within their jurisdiction with few exceptions. Behavior is one of those exceptions  and really bad behavior which must be well-documented over time. A private school, on the other hand, accepts any student it wishes to according to its academic and other standards. It is not required to give a reason why it has refused to admit anyone. Its decision is final. Both private and public schools use some kind of testing and review transcripts to determine the grade level for new students. Accountability Public schools must comply with a host of federal, state and local laws and regulations including No Child Left Behind, Title I, etc. The number of regulations with which a public school must comply is vast. In addition, public schools must also comply with all the state and local building, fire and safety codes just as the private schools must. Private schools, on the other hand, must observe federal, state and local laws such as annual reports to the IRS, maintenance of state-required attendance, curriculum and safety records and reports, compliance with local building, fire and sanitation codes. There is plenty of regulation, inspection, and review of the operations of both private and public schools. Accreditation Accreditation is generally required for public schools in most states. While accreditation for private schools is optional, most college prep schools seek and maintain accreditation from the major accrediting organizations. The process of peer review is a good thing for both private and public schools. Graduation Rates The rate of public school students graduating high school is actually on the rise since 2005-2006, maxing out at 82% in 2012-2013, with about 66% of students going on to college. A variety of factors come into play which results in that relatively low matriculation rate. The drop-out rate in public schools tends to have a negative effect on matriculation data, and many students who enter into trade careers tend to enroll at public schools rather than private, which decreases the rate of students who go on to college. In private schools, the matriculation rate to college is typically in the 95% and up range. Minority students who attend a private high school are more likely to attend college than minority students who attend public school according to NCES data. The reason why most private high schools do well in this area is that they are generally selective. They will only accept students who can do the work, and they tend to accept students whose goals are to continue in college.   Private schools also offer personalized college counseling programs to help students find the best fit colleges for them.   Cost Funding differs greatly between private and public schools. Public schools are not allowed to charge any tuition fees in most jurisdictions at the elementary level. You will encounter modest fees in high schools. Public schools are funded largely by local property taxes, though many districts also receive funding from state and federal sources. Private schools charge for every aspect of their programs. Fees are determined by market forces. Private school tuition averages about $9,582 per student according to Private School Review. Breaking that down further, private elementary schools tend to be $8,522 a year, while secondary schools average nearly $13,000. The average boarding school tuition, however, is $38,850, according to College Bound. Private schools take no public funding. As a result, they must operate with balanced budgets. Discipline Discipline is handled differently in private schools vs public schools. Discipline in public schools is somewhat complicated because students are governed by due process and constitutional rights. This has the practical effect of making it difficult to discipline students for minor and major infractions of the schools code of conduct. Private school students are governed by the contract which they and their parents sign with the school. It clearly spells out consequences for what the school considers unacceptable behavior. Safety Violence in public schools is a top priority for administrators and teachers. The highly-publicized shootings and other acts of violence which have taken place in public schools have resulted in the application of stringent rules and security measures such as metal detectors to help create and maintain a safe learning environment. Private schools are generally safe places. Access to campuses and buildings is carefully monitored and controlled. Because schools usually have fewer students than a public school, it is easier to supervise the school population. Both private and public school administrators have your childs safety on top of their list of priorities. Teacher Certification There are some  key differences between private and public schools regarding Teacher Certification. For example, public school teachers must be certified by the state in which they are teaching. Certification is granted once statutory requirements such as education courses and teaching practice are met. The certificate is valid for a set number of years and must be renewed. In most states, private school teachers can teach without a teaching certificate. Most private schools prefer teachers to become certified as a condition of employment. Private schools tend to hire teachers with a bachelors or masters degree in their subject.   Article edited by  Stacy Jagodowski

7 negotiation tips for Millennials

7 negotiation tips for Millennials When you’re just starting out, negotiating may seem like some far-off point in your career: something you’ll do in your life eventually, like buy a minivan or start watching CBS procedural dramas. After all, you don’t have years of experience to use as leverage yet, right? Wrong! I don’t know how you feel about sensible family car choices, but negotiating in your work life is definitely something you should do now. There’s no magic rule that you must have a certain amount of experience or a particular level of work gravitas. And in fact, the more familiar you become with the process now, early in the game, the more potent your negotiation skills will be as you advance in your career.Why you should negotiateWhen employers make a job offer, they usually expect a little haggling these days. The offer may be at the lower end of a range for them, and why not? They have nothing to lose here: they have a good candidate on the line. If that person accepts t he offer straight away, they got a solid deal at the low end of the range. If that person negotiates up, the company is still likely within the scope of what they expected to pay. But it’s important to remember that you aren’t likely to lose much here either: as long as you negotiate reasonably and civilly, they’re probably not going to yank the job offer just because you tried to negotiate in the first place. And you do have the potential to make this sweet job offer even sweeter, either with more money or more perks.Negotiation also establishes a couple of things up front, before you even start the job: 1) that you’re a confident person who knows your worth; and 2) that you want to maximize your salary and benefits. The higher your starting salary is, the more you’ll be able to get when it comes to percentage-based raises and bonuses. Think of it as a professional investment that you can make now.When you should negotiateIt may be tempting to tal k about salary in a job interview, in a show of confidence- or even just curiosity to see if this job is going to be worth your while. Resist that urge. (And if the interviewer tries to sneak in their own stealth salary questions, here’s how to get around them.) Get past the application, the interview, the second interview, all of it†¦wait until you have a job offer in hand, with a salary attached as a starting point.Alternatively, you can negotiate when you already have a job, but feel ready for a raise or a promotion. Whatever the circumstance, it’s the same basic process: prepare, ask for what you want, and be ready for the back-and-forth.Tips for negotiatingLet’s look at some tips to help you build your negotiation skills and get ready to bargain with your employer. The more prep work you do now, the more ready you’ll be when it comes time- you don’t want to waste any time once you have that offer letter.1. Be prepared with an elevator pit ch.This is your headline, basically. Based on my previous experience managing social media, I was hoping to see a salary of $X. Your elevator pitch in this case summarizes why you’re worth the extra salary. I want and I need aren’t going to get you very far here- the employer isn’t concerned with what your preferences are. They want to make sure that you bring value in exchange for the extra salary bump or incentives added to your offer package. The more you emphasize those qualities in the negotiation process, the higher your chances of success.And this is especially important if you’re negotiating a raise at your existing job. The question of why is going to be one of the first you’ll need to tackle. Wanting a raise is all well and good (who doesn’t want one), but you need to show that you deserve it too.2. Be specific and realistic.This is where you should have a sense of what you’re worth. And I don’t mean that in a â€Å" my mom thinks I’m priceless† kind of way. I mean it in a â€Å"this is what people at my level in this field can make† kind of way. Once you know what you can reasonably expect, you can come up with specific dollar amounts as a counteroffer. Unrealistic counteroffers, just for the sake of seeing what you can get, are not likely to be met with success. Do your research- a search of similar positions on Glassdoor or Salary.com can often give you a good sense of what the market-level salary is for your new or current job. Use that knowledge to come up with a realistic range for your salary. It’s okay to reach a little in your counteroffer, but make sure it’s within a realistic range.3. Think outside the salary box.You know you can negotiate for more than just salary, right? When you get a job offer, you may also receive information on company policies, benefits, etc. Core benefits like insurance coverage and retirement savings plans may be set in stone , depending on your new company’s policies. However, you might be able to negotiate additional vacation or personal days, or work-from-home flex time. If the company seems pretty intractable on a salary bump, think about other ways you might be able to negotiate a more appealing package. But again, the key is being realistic. A junior employee is not likely to score an extra week of vacation up front, but if you think there’s wiggle room on time off, work that into your negotiation.4. Know what your limits are.Part of being realistic about your negotiation means having a dealbreaker in mind as well. It’s not defeatist to think about what could make you walk away from the negotiating table. You should decide ahead of time what your minimum is for this job. Maybe it’s the same salary as you make now. Or maybe you truly don’t want the job unless you can get a 2% raise over what you’re making now. Whatever the case may be, have that â€Å"last chance† number in mind before you get started. That way, if the negotiating drags on and you don’t see the company offering more than the bottom of your range, consider walking away and turning down the offer.5. Don’t panic.Once you’ve started negotiating, you may feel a little jumpy, like you overstepped your bounds. That can lead to accepting a counteroffer too quickly, just to get the process over with. If you’ve done your due diligence and have your range in mind, you know what you can realistically get. If the company indicates that they’re standing firm, then it’s time to accept (or reject) and move on.6. Keep it civil.A little confident swagger can be good when you’re negotiating. You know what’s not good? Threatening to take your ball and go home. It may seem like a baller move, but this is not the place to make ultimatums or threats. When you’re negotiating salary or a raise, both you and the company are d oing it in good faith, with the goal of finding an employment package that works for both parties. If you blatantly threaten to walk away if they don’t meet particular demands, then you just may find the job offer rescinded anyway. Or if you’re negotiating a raise and threaten to quit if you don’t get your way, you risk doing irreparable damage to your relationship with your boss and company. Always keep the tone civil and friendly, even when you’re making bold requests.7. Keep an eye on the clock.This isn’t necessarily a speed event, but you don’t want this to drag out. You want the job, and the company wants someone in the job as soon as possible. Try not to sit on any offer for more than a day without checking in with the company, or letting them know your decision timeline. When you get an offer, it’s fine to say, â€Å"I’d like to take a day to consider this offer. Is it okay if I get back to you on Wednesday?† Or à ¢â‚¬Å"I’m traveling this weekend. Okay if I let you know on Monday?† That way, the company knows you haven’t disappeared, and that you’re considering the next move.Negotiating is a process that you want to be familiar with as early in your career as possible. If you’re realistic and do your research, there’s no reason why you can’t be an advocate for your financial interests as a junior employee. Again, there’s no magic line where you can start negotiating, so why not now?

Impact of the Internet on small businesses Research Paper

Impact of the Internet on small businesses - Research Paper Example Through the internet, a business of any size can compete in the global marketplace. In fact, on the internet, the size of an organizations operation makes little difference because the internet is an open environment. Similar companies compete against one another while being only a click of the mouse away. In other words, a buyer can locate numerous sellers offering similar merchandise, similar prices and similar offers in a very short time period. As more people and businesses become comfortable with the internet, the marketing landscape will continue to evolve quickly in the coming years (The Influence of Internet on Modern Business, 2009). The arrival of internet related technologies helped small scale industries immensely. Many of the traditional business concepts were given way for internet related business strategies because of the arrival of computers and internet. For example, internet helped the business world to convert many of the offline market spaces into online market spaces. Moreover, outsourcing, offshoring like modern business principles were evolved out because of the developments in internet related technologies. Advertising is another in which internet helps small scale industries immensely. Social networks are used extensively by the businesses for marketing and advertising purposes. At the same time, internet has the potential to affect small businesses negatively also. For example, internet helped globalization in many ways. It should be noted that globalization helped corporate companies to expand their business all over the world. The intrusion of corporate companies in small scale industry segments is causing big threats to the small business groups. In short, internet provides both opportunities and threats to small businesses. This paper analyses the impacts of internet on small businesses. The Internet potentially can be used by small businesses to support external (inter-organizational and

Grief Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Grief - Assignment Example The struggles to search for him were characterized by sleepless nights and huge expenditures as we all offered ourselves to ensure his survival. K.L was the most supportive member of the family who all of us admired. He was humble, honest, and charming; this made us love him the most. When he went missing and finally died in unknown circumstances, we were hurt more than if it was someone else. The saying by Lewis revived my pain and grief. I now feel as if the sorrowful events that I experienced during the period of lose have just recurred. After reading the saying, I tried to compare what I feel when people in the neighborhood die and what I felt for K.L.; there is a big difference between in the pain and grief I experience when a distant person dies or encounters worst situations. Lewis’s saying reflected on my experiences by reminding me the intense pain and grief I experienced after the disappearance and burial of K.L. According to Winokuer and Harris (2012), reading statements of grief and pain resets the painful and grievous memories of the past found in the sub-conscious mind. This is true because as human beings forget the past, anything related to their life events makes them recall past occurrences. I belief that there is a way we would be honest with ourselves and have it in a different way. Pain and grief are natural elements that all human beings must experience as long as they love. However, we should not anguish forever and destroy our lives. Winokuer and Harris (2012 assert that people experiencing grief should seek the services of a counselor to enable them appreciate situations and take care of their lives. Grief manifests itself through several ways, and it occurs in stages with each stage bringing different emotions (Holleran, 2006). Grief manifests itself through shock; shock constitutes a natural form of adaptation that prevents the victims from the impact of death